Low Visibility Taxi Procedures

What Triggers Low Visibility Taxi Procedures?

Low visibility taxi (LVP) procedures are implemented when the runway visual range (RVR) falls below 550 m, or as specified by the aerodrome, and air traffic control (ATC) can no longer maintain full visual oversight of all ground movements. For take-off, specific low visibility procedures are required when RVR drops below 400 m. ATC will notify crews when LVPs are in force.

Key Elements of Low Visibility Taxi Procedures

• Aerodrome Readiness: Only aerodromes approved for low visibility operations (such as CAT II/III) may conduct these procedures. The aerodrome must have suitable taxiway lighting, signage, and surface markings to support safe ground movement.
• Crew Qualifications: All flight crew must be specifically trained and checked for low visibility operations, typically using flight simulation training devices to practice operating at RVR and decision height limits for their aircraft type.
• Operational Procedures: The operator’s manual must detail duties for each crew member during taxi, take-off, approach, landing, and missed approach in low visibility. This includes correct seat and eye position, continuous instrument monitoring, and clear allocation of monitoring and decision-making roles.
• Equipment Requirements: A minimum equipment list (MEL) must be met before commencing low visibility operations. This includes functioning radio altimeters, appropriate lighting, and other systems as specified by the aircraft and operator.
• Taxiway Lighting and Markings: Enhanced taxiway centerline lights, stop bars, and lead-on lights guide aircraft safely along taxi routes. Movement may be restricted to prevent incursions, and only essential vehicles and aircraft are allowed on the maneuvering area.

Crew Actions and Responsibilities

• The pilot-in-command must verify that all required procedures are in force, the crew is qualified, and the aircraft is properly equipped before starting low visibility taxi or take-off.
• During taxi, strict adherence to ATC instructions, use of all available visual and electronic aids, and heightened situational awareness are essential.
• Height callouts below 200 ft must use radio altimeter data, and one pilot must continuously monitor instruments until the aircraft is clear of the runway.

Training and Ongoing Competency

Operators must ensure that flight crews receive regular training and checking for low visibility operations, with a focus on handling the unique challenges of ground movement in poor visibility, including the use of taxiway lighting systems and procedures for loss of visual reference.